ENOSTR, ETIME, ENODATA, and ENOSR are deprecated by POSIX and C++23.

This change also turns on the deprecation warnings used by Chromium.

See also:
https://wg21.link/LWG3869
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/pull/80542
https://buganizer.corp.google.com/issues/331100926

PiperOrigin-RevId: 619551374
Change-Id: Ica8d5008cbee52ce88d58a1fcb79dbe794045bae