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406622c43f296eeedf00e0e9246acfb4ea6ecd5e by Abseil Team <absl-team@google.com>:

Avoid the compiler reloading __is_long() on string_view(const string&)

The underlying cause is that the compiler assume a scenario where string_view is created with placement new into memory occupied by the input, so the store to 'ptr' can affect the value / result of size(); i.e., __is_long() reloads the __size value).

Example code: string_view1 demonstrates the problem, string_view2 DTRT.

=== string_view1
struct string_view1 {
    string_view1(const char* ptr, size_t n) : ptr(ptr), n(n) {}
    string_view1(const std::string& s) : ptr(s.data()), n(s.length()) {}
    const char* ptr;
    size_t n;
};

struct S1 {
    S1(const std::string& s);
    string_view1 sv;
};
S1::S1(const std::string& s) : sv(s) {}

S1::S1
        test    byte ptr [rsi], 1
        je      .LBB0_1
        mov     rax, qword ptr [rsi + 16]
        mov     qword ptr [rdi], rax
        movzx   eax, byte ptr [rsi]
        test    al, 1
        jne     .LBB0_5
.LBB0_4:
        shr     rax
        mov     qword ptr [rdi + 8], rax
        ret
.LBB0_1:
        lea     rax, [rsi + 1]
        mov     qword ptr [rdi], rax
        movzx   eax, byte ptr [rsi]
        test    al, 1
        je      .LBB0_4
.LBB0_5:
        mov     rax, qword ptr [rsi + 8]
        mov     qword ptr [rdi + 8], rax
        ret

=== string_view2
struct string_view2 {
    string_view2(const char* ptr, size_t n) : ptr(ptr), n(n) {}
    string_view2(const std::string& s) : string_view2(s.data(), s.size()) {}
    const char* ptr;
    size_t n;
};

struct S2 {
    S2(const std::string& s);
    string_view2 sv;
};
S2::S2(const std::string& s) : sv(s) {}

S2::S2
        movzx   eax, byte ptr [rsi]
        test    al, 1
        je      .LBB1_1
        mov     rax, qword ptr [rsi + 8]
        mov     rsi, qword ptr [rsi + 16]
        mov     qword ptr [rdi], rsi
        mov     qword ptr [rdi + 8], rax
        ret
.LBB1_1:
        add     rsi, 1
        shr     rax
        mov     qword ptr [rdi], rsi
        mov     qword ptr [rdi + 8], rax
        ret
PiperOrigin-RevId: 272096771
GitOrigin-RevId: 406622c43f296eeedf00e0e9246acfb4ea6ecd5e
Change-Id: I70173a2db68cd9b597fff1c09e00198c632cfe95