Fixes #19.

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Test Python dependencies now use rules_python
Update deps

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pybind11_abseil doesn't need it; Abseil does.
(Therefore, leave it in `WORKSPACE` for now.)

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I renamed Bazel files to have `.bazel` extensions, which matters
for pybind11_abseil due to its "floating" use of pybind11_bazel.

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Update README for consistency with internal files. Document around issue with transitive dependency discovery for Bzlmod with http_archive.

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Added support for Bzlmod, indicated that WORKSPACE is deprecated and will be removed at a later date. Moved Python dependency support for Bazel from virtualenv to rules_python.

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Following the suggestion here: https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/4786#issuecomment-1885448824

Piggy-backed: Minor pre-commit auto-fix for top_level_CMakeLists.txt
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Note:

This change is the result of exploring and discarding multiple approaches to fixing the zero-refcount bug in a more general way. The only approach that worked out is this local fix in the callback code. Fundamentally, code involving `StatusOr<PyObject *>` objects is inherently unsafe and bug prone, because ownership of the Python reference is not managed automatically. Ideally use of `StatusOr<PyObject *>` would generate compilation errors (e.g. via `static_assert`), which would be easy to achieve just in the pybind11_abseil repo, but would require significant sprawling changes around the Google codebase. Unfortunately, currently this is infeasible.

The command used for manual leak checking (see `# Manual verification` comments in status_testing_no_cpp_eh_test_lib.py) was:

```
blaze run //third_party/pybind11_abseil/tests:status_testing_no_cpp_eh_test
```

The `top` command was used to visually monitor `RES` for about 10 seconds, for each test case.

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This change builds on https://github.com/google/pywrapcc/pull/30022.

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Preparation for changing pybind11 handling of callbacks with `Status`, `StatusOr` returns to capture C++ exceptions.

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Secondary changes:

* pybind11 needs to be pinned to a version right before https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/4786 was merged, to avoid `ctest` `permission denied` errors (to be debugged separately).

* `find_package(PythonLibs REQUIRED)` is removed. It is deprecated (https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/blob/master/docs/faq.rst) and evidently not needed.

* More complete logging.

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The header was meant to be deprecated for >1 year, but this was not documented.

Also adopt the

```
// IWYU pragma: always_keep // See pybind11/docs/type_caster_iwyu.rst
```

comment used in https://github.com/google/pywrapcc/pull/30073.

Currently pybind11/docs/type_caster_iwyu.rst only exists in google/pywrapcc#30073, but the intend is to upstream the changes (see PR description).

See also: https://clangd.llvm.org/design/include-cleaner

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E.g. see https://github.com/include-what-you-use/include-what-you-use/blob/master/docs/IWYUPragmas.md.

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This is a functional no-op.

Note that `_` was deprecated already in Dec 2021 (https://github.com/pybind/pybind11/pull/3423).

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It is unclear what exactly broke testing with the standard command:

```
./scripts/google_run_tests.sh --make_jobs=48
```

```
/usr/local/google/home/rwgk/tmp/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/abseil-cpp-src/absl/strings/internal/str_format/extension.h:34:6: warning: elaborated-type-specifier for a scoped enum must not use the ‘class’ keyword
   34 | enum class FormatConversionChar : uint8_t;
      | ~~~~ ^~~~~
      |      -----
/usr/local/google/home/rwgk/tmp/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/abseil-cpp-src/absl/strings/internal/str_format/extension.h:34:33: error: found ‘:’ in nested-name-specifier, expected ‘::’
   34 | enum class FormatConversionChar : uint8_t;
      |                                 ^
      |                                 ::
```

Updating abseil-cpp to the same version as used in the bazel WORKSPACE file fixes the cmake build failures.

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Doc fixes: Update filename in README.md, remove obsolete and broken references to pybind11_protobuf.

Fixes in response to https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_abseil/issues/10

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Resolves `-Wunused-parameter` warnings in external environments.

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Originally developed under https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_abseil/pull/8

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This is to help with whitespace cleanup in the cmake files currently under development under https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_abseil/pull/7

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Observed while locally testing https://github.com/pybind/pybind11_abseil/pull/7:

```
In file included from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/pybind11_abseil/tests/absl_example.cc:23:
/usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/pybind11_abseil/absl_casters.h: In member function ‘bool pybind11::detail::type_caster<absl::lts_20211102::Duration>::load(pybind11::handle, bool)’:
/usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/pybind11_abseil/absl_casters.h:194:48: warning: ‘bool pybind11::handle::operator==(const pybind11::handle&) const’ is deprecated: Use obj1.is(obj2) instead [-Wdeprecated-declarations]
  194 |     if (src == object(py_duration_t.attr("max"))) {
      |                                                ^
In file included from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/detail/type_caster_base.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/cast.h:15,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/attr.h:14,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/detail/class.h:1,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/pybind11.h:13,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/complex.h:12,
                 from /usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/pybind11_abseil/tests/absl_example.cc:6:
/usr/local/google/home/rwgk/forked/pybind11_abseil/tmp_build/_deps/pybind11-src/include/pybind11/pytypes.h:290:10: note: declared here
  290 |     bool operator==(const handle &h) const { return m_ptr == h.m_ptr; }
      |          ^~~~~~~~
```

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Bump pinned Abseil to latest LTS (20230802.0). Remove C++ 11 support as newest Abseil does not support it.

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